Πρότυπα βιοποικιλότητας στα παράκτια υγροτοπικά οικοσυστήματα των αλυκών Καλλονής Λέσβου

Περίληψη

Η κατάσταση της γνώσης της οικολογίας των βιοκοινοτήτων των αλυκών κρίνεται γενικά μη ικανοποιητική, ιδιαίτερα σε ότι αφορά στα μακροβενθικά ασπόνδυλα. Ειδικότερα στον Ελληνικό χώρο, οι οικολογικές μελέτες των αλυκών είναι ελάχιστες και αποσπασματικές. Aν και η έρευνα που πραγματοποιήθηκε στη διδακτορική διατριβή αφορά καταρχήν στα οικοσυστήματα των αλυκών, το θεωρητικό υπόβαθρο, τα ερευνητικά ερωτήματα και η μεθοδολογική προσέγγιση αντλήθηκαν από την οικολογική έρευνα των λιμνοθαλασσών, με τolor: #00a9c2"> περισσότερα

Περίληψη σε άλλη γλώσσα

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Περίληψη σε άλλη γλώσσα

Τhe state of knowledge in the community ecology of solar saltworks is not satisfactory, especially regarding macrobenthic invertebrates. Ecological studies of the solar saltworks of Greece in particular are very few and fragmentary. Even though the thesis concerns primarily solar saltworks, the theoretical framework, the research questions and the methodological approach are derived from the ecological research of coastal lagoons. The latter have many characteristics in common with solar saltworks, the most important being the strong influence of the sea.The thesis focuses on the description and explanation of the patterns of organization of the communities of macrobenthic invertebrates – with emphasis in the molluscs – and, secondarily, of phytoplankton, along the sea-land environmental gradient in the low salinity ponds of Kalloni solar saltworks. Regarding the relevant ecological processes, emphasis is put in the evaluation of the predictions of confinement theory and the influence ...
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Περίληψη σε άλλη γλώσσα

Τhe state of knowledge in the community ecology of solar saltworks is not satisfactory, especially regarding macrobenthic invertebrates. Ecological studies of the solar saltworks of Greece in particular are very few and fragmentary. Even though the thesis concerns primarily solar saltworks, the theoretical framework, the research questions and the methodological approach are derived from the ecological research of coastal lagoons. The latter have many characteristics in common with solar saltworks, the most important being the strong influence of the sea.The thesis focuses on the description and explanation of the patterns of organization of the communities of macrobenthic invertebrates – with emphasis in the molluscs – and, secondarily, of phytoplankton, along the sea-land environmental gradient in the low salinity ponds of Kalloni solar saltworks. Regarding the relevant ecological processes, emphasis is put in the evaluation of the predictions of confinement theory and the influence ...
περισσότερα

Περίληψη σε άλλη γλώσσα

Τhe state of knowledge in the community ecology of solar saltworks is not satisfactory, especially regarding macrobenthic invertebrates. Ecological studies of the solar saltworks of Greece in particular are very few and fragmentary. Even though the thesis concerns primarily solar saltworks, the theoretical framework, the research questions and the methodological approach are derived from the ecological research of coastal lagoons. The latter have many characteristics in common with solar saltworks, the most important being the strong influence of the sea.The thesis focuses on the description and explanation of the patterns of organization of the communities of macrobenthic invertebrates – with emphasis in the molluscs – and, secondarily, of phytoplankton, along the sea-land environmental gradient in the low salinity ponds of Kalloni solar saltworks. Regarding the relevant ecological processes, emphasis is put in the evaluation of the predictions of confinement theory and the influence ...
Τhe state of knowledge in the community ecology of solar saltworks is not satisfactory, especially regarding macrobenthic invertebrates. Ecological studies of the solar saltworks of Greece in particular are very few and fragmentary. Even though the thesis concerns primarily solar saltworks, the theoretical framework, the research questions and the methodological approach are derived from the ecological research of coastal lagoons. The latter have many characteristics in common with solar saltworks, the most important being the strong influence of the sea.The thesis focuses on the description and explanation of the patterns of organization of the communities of macrobenthic invertebrates – with emphasis in the molluscs – and, secondarily, of phytoplankton, along the sea-land environmental gradient in the low salinity ponds of Kalloni solar saltworks. Regarding the relevant ecological processes, emphasis is put in the evaluation of the predictions of confinement theory and the influence of the loads of new inorganic nutrients that enter the saltworks from the productive Kalloni Gulf. The thesis also focuses on the structural and functional characteristics of the transitional zone between the habitat of the low salinity ponds and the adjacent marine habitat. The interactions between the patterns of organization of the communities of macrobenthic invertebrates and ecological processes are also examined at a regional scale of observation, by a comparative study of Kalloni saltworks and Margherita di Savoia saltworks (Italy). The research of the thesis was conducted at a seasonal temporal scale of observation, except from the study of the abiotic environment, which was carried out at monthly intervals. A transect-based sampling design was chosen , with sampling stations spaced along the sea-land environmental gradient. One end of the transect was at N. Kalloni Gulf and the other end was at the last low salinity ponds of the saltworks. The statistical analysis of the biotic data of the thesis was carried out by employing techniques of biological diversity measurement and gradient analysis techniques.A total of 95 taxa of macrobenthic invertebrates were identified. The main taxonomic groups were Mollusca, Polychaeta and Crustacea. 34 of the molluscan species found are first-time citations for Lesvos Island and the NE Aegean Sea. Species richness of macrobenthic molluscs in Kalloni Saltworks (33 species in the ponds only) is deemed significant.It was found that the macrobenthic molluscan communities in Kalloni saltworks form a coenocline along the sea-land environmental gradient. In this coenocline, with increasing distance from the sea, marine species of the SFHN biocoenosis type were gradually replaced by typical lagoonal species of the LEE biocoenosis type. Species of the SVMC biocoenosis type were found along the entire environmental gradient. Numerically, the dominant trophic type were the herbivores. The suspension feeders and the surface deposit feeders were numerically important at the Kalloni Gulf site, but their biomass was significant only at the ponds.Generally, the patterns of species distribution and spatial variations in diversity, numerical abundance and biomass of the macrobenthic molluscs support the hypothesis that the biotic gradient in Kalloni saltworks is primarily determined by a confinement gradient. The theory of confinement predicts that the stress gradient of confinement determines a particular zonal pattern of organization of the communities of macrobenthic invertebrates in coastal lagoons. The zones of confinement that were recognized in the study area were zone II (Kalloni Gulf site), zone III (inlet channel) and IV-V (ponds). However, the zonal pattern was fuzzy and there were seasonal shifts of the zones, attributable to the seasonal variability of the abiotic environment.Citations about the existence of important ecotones in coastal lagoons are very few in the literature. It was found that an ecotone exists in the study area, which separates the marine (Kalloni Gulf) from the lagoonal (ponds) habitat patch. This ecotone is located at the inlet channel and there is a characteristic ecotonal population of the gastropod Bittium reticulatum was identified. High concentrations of inorganic nutrients and phytoplankton biomass were measured at the ecotone. Pertaining to the communities of macrobenthic molluscs, species richness was intermediate and dominance was at its maximum at the ecotone. Moreover, the very high numerical abundance of the large body sized Bittium reticulatum at the ecotone correspond to a maximum of productivity of the community of the macrobenthic molluscs. This productivity maximum can be attributed to a combination of a strong marine influence and an abundance of food resources at the ecotone. It is also inferred that zone III of confinement corresponds to an ecotone in Kalloni saltworks and is thus not homologous to zones II and IV-V, which correspond to different habitat patches.Significant differences were found regarding the abiotic environment and the taxonomic composition of the communities of macrobenthic invertebrates between Margherita di Savoia saltworks and Kalloni saltworks. At a local level of organization, the biotic gradient was determined primarily by the confinement gradient in both saltworks. However, at a regional level of organization, the results support the hypothesis that biotic processes play significant roles. The inferred biotic processes involved were the differentiation of the regional species pools and the stochasticity of the colonization-extinction processes cycle in coastal lagoons.74 phytoplankton taxa were recorded and the main classes were Dinophyceae and Bacillariophyceae. Many of the dominant species in the
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Αλυκές; Λιμνοθάλασσες; Μακροβενθικά μαλάκια; Φυτοπλαγκτόν; Ανάλυση διαβάθμισης; Περιορισμός; Οικοτόνος; Καμπύλες απόκρισης ειδών
Χώρα
Ελλάδα
Γλώσσα
Ελληνικά
Άλλα στοιχεία