Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and gonadal function in males aged over 45 years
Abstract
The current pathophysiology and medical treatment in COPD are predominantly focused on the lung. However, COPD is accompanied by systemic inflammation that intensifies during disease progress or exacerbations. The systemic inflammation of COPD has been implicated in the hypothalamic–pituitary–testicular axis hormonal manifestations at multiple levels, associated with poor clinical outcomes. METHODS: A total of 69 male COPD patients (COPD group) and 82 male volunteers with normal pulmonary function tests (control group), were enrolled to the study. Both groups were divided into two subgroups according to their age: ≤60 years and >60 years. The disease severity was also investigated by dividing the COPD patients into two subgroups: i) those exhibiting FEV1 <50% predicted and ii) those with FEV1 ≥50% predicted. We compared the hormonal status between male COPD patients and age-matched control subjects and the relationship between hypogonadism and disease severity. RESULTS: In the overall ...
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