Investigation of DNA microsatellite instability, dna methylation and target gene inactivation as molecular markers in colorectal cancer
Abstract
Colorectal cancer develops as the result of a stepwise progression through several genetic and epigenetic alterations. Aberrant DNA methylation of CpG islands and subsequent low- or high-level DNA microsatellite instability is assumed to drive colon carcinogenesis through frameshift mutations in target genes implicated in the regulation of cell growth or cell survival. The aim of this study was the search of the “molecular signature” which accompanies the transformation of a normal tissue first to a polyp and then to an adenoma and cancer using as molecular markers the microsatellite instability phenotype, promoter DNA methylation and the mutations of certain target genes. DNA extracted from blood, normal tissue, and tissues from polyps, adenomas and colorectal cancer of patients undergoing colonoscopy (healthy individuals, polyp/adenoma patients and colorectal carcinoma patients) was used to assess the microsatellite instability (using the five Bethesda markers), the prevalence of abe ...
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