Μελέτη της ανθεκτικότητας των κουνουπιών σε σκευάσματα που χρησιμοποιούνται για την καταπολέμησή τους στην Ελλάδα

Abstract

In the present study I investigated the insecticide resistance status of two medically important mosquito species Culex pipiens and Aedes albopictus collected from Greece. At first, the resistance status of thirteen Cx. pipiens populations from five regional units in Greece over a three years period was examined, against four insecticides used for its control. Bioassays demonstrated susceptibility of most populations to all insecticides, except temephos in some regions. We also monitored the frequency of the pyrethroid target site resistance mutations L1014F (kdr), as well as the G119S and F290V in the Ace1 gene. Ace1 insensitivity mutations were found at low frequencies and always in heterozygocity. However, the frequency of kdr pyrethroid resistance mutations was higher (up to 63% in Thessaloniki). Concerning ―Asian mosquito tiger‖ Ae. albopictus eggs were collected with oviposition traps from two different localities (Corfu, first species’ site of introduction in Greece and Rizoupoli, first detection site in capital city of Athens). Larvae and adult mosquitoes were tested in the lab using all registered products in Greece for mosquito control according to WHO guidelines. Population from Rizoupoli – Athens showed high resistance to temephos. Resistant Ratio (RR50=8,83) were high compared to other available data from literature. Additionally adult mosquitoes from the same population showed reduced LT50 when exposed to deltamethrin standard impregnated papers from WHO. Athens’ population were further selected in the laboratory for 10-generation and the molecular mechanism of resistance to temephos, was examined. Elevated esterases were implicated in the temephos resistance phenotype of Ae. albopictus. Finally, we have genetically characterized the composition of Cx. pipiens (pipiens and molestus). Samples were collected during the 2010 outbreak from the region of Thessaloniki, where WNV cases occurred, and from the region Schinias-Marathonas, with no reported cases at the time. Information on bird fauna was also obtained for the two regions. Application of genetic diagnostic tools revealed the presence of hybrids in Thessaloniki and suggested a great receptivity for the establishment of WNV zoonotic cycles.